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S  6u  _P    P*    6  _    R*  H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.PqNJ  0N0 IAd(  dH" d #  0e0eG0*`?AutoShape 2p    |4DNA and fingerprint data: Developing law and policy5 5 5Q d  ~P 0e0e `?Rectangle 34 `    ?Susan Ferguson Head of Police Powers and Public Protection Unit@ Z@ H d 0޽h ? 3fffff3̙3f̙___PPT10i.tEe+D='  = @B +  0N0 pE(  pG" p  ~| 0e0e l?AutoShape 2`   OWhat does the Scottish Government want to achieve through its justice policies?P P  p  ~ 0e0e l?Rectangle 3   To help local communities to flourish, becoming stronger, safer places to live offering improved opportunities and a better quality of life. We can live our lives safe from crime, disorder and danger. H p 0޽h ? 3fffff3̙3f̙___PPT10i.t0kJ+D='  = @B +  0 x(  x'" x  ~ 0e0e l?AutoShape 2`   a/Why do we take and retain DNA and fingerprints?0 0  x  ~ 0e0e l?Rectangle 3   Y)Effective means of identification. Used alongside other evidence helps to paint a picture of how the crime was conducted. Retaining on database provides a means of identifying suspects either more rapidly or who might not have been identified at all. Protects the public from further risk of harm.* *H x 0޽h ? 3fffff3̙3f̙___PPT10i.t¹+D='  = @B +  0 (  ("  TL GH?AutoShape 4hh8 VStriking the right balance  the challenges,Z,F$ F  H ?Rectangle 5X xTension between individual rights and protecting the public. Lack of detailed evidence of how legislation and policies work in practice  outcomes. Different perspectives and perceptions. $ lKBH  0޽h ? 3fffff3̙3f̙___PPT10i.t;6+D='  = @B +m 0 | (  @"   ~ 2 0e0e l?AutoShape 2`   zChallege: Rights vs protection $     ~h7 0e0e l?Rectangle 3   TEuropean Convention of Human Rights  S & Marper v UK Retention triggered by arrest regardless of seriousness of offence Indefinite retention with no provision for independent review of justification for retention Risk of stigmatisation: those not convicted treated in same way as those convicted <6   6*H  0޽h ? 3fffff3̙3f̙___PPT10i.t*~+D='  = @B +# 0 :2@(   "   ~k 0e0e l?AutoShape 2`   CChallenge: Evidence    ~p 0e0e l?Rectangle 3   iNeed evidence to ensure retention policies effective and proportionate. Identify cases that would not have been solved without DNA/fingerprint evidence. Demonstrate the contribution and effectiveness of DNA/fingerprints at various stages in the criminal justice process. Identify optimum retention times. Can we estimate how many offences have been prevented? 6h Z Z ZjH  0޽h ? 3fffff3̙3f̙___PPT10i.t`h+D='  = @B +S 0 jb`(  "   ~x 0e0e l?AutoShape 2`   Y'Challenge: Perspectives and perceptions( (    ~ 0e0e l?Rectangle 3   People hold different views. Public perceptions can be based on bad information. Separating the valid issues from those that can be resolved with better information. H  0޽h ? 3fffff3̙3f̙___PPT10i.up0+D='  = @B + 0 D(  "   ~ݭ 0e0e l?AutoShape 2`   T"Meeting the challenges in Scotland# #    ~ 0e0e l?Rectangle 3   $Review the acquisition and retention of DNA and fingerprints. Consultation on proposals stemming from review. Develop final proposals for inclusion in legislation: Bring fingerprint retention for non-convicted people into line with DNA retention Retain from children dealt with in Children s Hearings system Place uses of DNA on a statutory footing N   H  0޽h ? 3fffff3̙3f̙___PPT10i.uCg+D='  = @B + 0 q(  "   ~ 0e0e l?AutoShape 2`   KForensic Data Working Group     ~" 0e0e l?Rectangle 3   ZMulti-agency working group established by Ministers. Remit: Take forward recommendations on governance, accountability and transparency. Develop evidence base. Develop procedures to achieve consistency in operation of existing legislation and to implement new legislation..< Z Z<H  0޽h ? 3fffff3̙3f̙___PPT10i.u`+D='  = @B + 0 (  "   ~U 0e0e l?AutoShape 2`   : The future  `   ~Z 0e0e l?Rectangle 3   ^A strong base upon which to build evidence. Governance that is more open and transparent, with better networks and more opportunities for debate. Published information on the database and its operation, and independent oversight of reports. Increased public understanding of the issues. Policies, legislation and procedures as robust as they can be.  _ ^H  0޽h ? 3fffff3̙3f̙___PPT10i.v0}+D='  = @B + 0 TLh(  h h N ?Rectangle 7_  h*B    h  x0e0e?Rectangle 2    h  ~Ym 0e0e?Rectangle 3 0   8Thank you for that introduction Jim. I ve listened with great interest to the other presentations this morning. We ve had a very good summary of the moral and ethical debates surrounding the retention of DNA and the balance of rights. I m going to focus on the challenges posed by these and other issues when making or explaining policy decisions; how we deal with those challenges and reach decisions; work that still needs to be done; and how the Scottish Government is progressing this work.   H h 0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.t.?  0 2 * t(  t t N̕ ?Rectangle 7_  h*B    t  x0e0e?Rectangle 2    t  ~ 0e0e?Rectangle 3 0   This slide sets out our strategic objective and one of the key national outcomes. [Read from slide] In terms of what you would expect, not particularly surprising and things I think you could safely say that all policies and services are designed to achieve. It is important to go back to basics sometimes and consider exactly what it is we are trying to achieve. How does the collection and retention of DNA and fingerprints contribute to these objectives? How far can we go in keeping people safe before it begins to impinge on individual freedoms? Who decides this? We ve heard quite a lot about the ethical debates today, which helps to set the scene for some of the issues we face in Government in taking work forward., Rq  H t 0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.tpg 0 jb|(  | | NTͫ ?Rectangle 7_  h*B    |  x0e0e?Rectangle 2    |  ~׫ 0e0e?Rectangle 3 0   NBoth DNA and fingerprints provide an effective means of identification. Important to remember that this helps to eliminate the innocent from enquiries, as well as identifying suspects. Used alongside evidence helps to paint a picture of how the crime was conducted  who had contact with the victim, who had been at the scene, who packaged the drugs. Retaining information on databases provides a means of identifying suspects more rapidly or where it may not otherwise have been possible to do so. The public are protected from further risk of harm because people can be identified with more certainty and apprehended more quickly.| | | H | 0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.t¹ 0 (    N ?Rectangle 7_  h*B      x0e0e?Rectangle 2      ~X 0e0e?Rectangle 3 4   mThe key challenges relate to retention. The most controversial issue is around the storage of information on a criminal database from people who have not been found guilty of an offence. There are also sensitivities around retention in relation to minor offences and children. There is a tension between individual rights and protecting the public. It is undoubtedly true that in some cases, behaviour indicates a risk to the public, even where a conviction has not been secured. In such cases, how do you decide where to draw the line. Evidence of the effectiveness of retention policies in identifying suspects more quickly; preventing reoffending; or securing convictions is key to making these decisions. But there is a lack of detailed evidence of how legislation and policies work in practice; how they contribute to outcomes. There are widely differing perspectives and perceptions on what is acceptable in terms of retention. While evidence no doubt helps, these differences of opinion will remain. Therefore, no solution can be based purely on evidence, but needs to take into account where the acceptable balance lies.Nn 'Gd n H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.t|  0 00(    NlH ?Rectangle 7_  h*B      x0e0e?Rectangle 2   J   ~DR 0e0e?Rectangle 3 0   Recent European Court of Human Rights case - S & Marper v UK gave some clues in relation to retention. The case related to two people who had their DNA retained on the database in England and Wales. Both were arrested, DNA taken and profiles retained on the database. Proceedings were dropped in one case and in the other the person (a child at the time) was acquitted. So neither were convicted, but their DNA was retained indefinitely. [Read out key points from slide] Judgement has led to major changes in retention regime in England and Wales. Some key issues for policy makers to consider: Indefinite retention where someone not convicted is disproportionate. Issues around indefinite retention for minor offences and retention from children. Need to be able to evidence policies. , !=  H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.v0=i@ 0 PP(    N ?Rectangle 7_  h*B      x0e0e?Rectangle 2   j   ~8 0e0e?Rectangle 3 0   *Scottish model fared well in the ECtHR judgement. Policy of time-limited retention for sexual and violent offences where person proceeded against but not convicted highlighted as proportionate. Still a need to begin to build an evidence base to inform future policy development. Read out slide points. Not only informs the development of policy, but discussions around proportionality. Can also help the public to better understand the reasoning behind retention. Although evidence can guide us on where to draw the line, it is not the only factor.8+  + H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.v@D  0   p (    Np ?Rectangle 7_  h*B      x0e0e?Rectangle 2   8    ~@í 0e0e?Rectangle 3 0   rThere is a need to increase public understanding of what is held on the databases, how it is held and what use is made of the information. Public expectations are extremely high, which places pressure on the criminal justice agencies to identify, apprehend and convict suspects. Conversely, there is a great deal of suspicion about some of the means used by these agencies and concern about powers interfering with individual rights. Attitudes to DNA retention illustrate this point. Most of the general public get their information from the press. At times, stories can be sensationalist and unbalanced. DNA retention is also conflated with other issues in the public s mind, such as cloning and health profiling for insurance purposes. There is a real need to communicate effectively; to provide clear and transparent information so that the public understand the issues. Better evidence can help explain why we keep DNA, but we also need to explain the rules and procedures that are applied. We also need to highlight successes.   H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.v54  0 D(    N ?Rectangle 7_  h*B      x0e0e?Rectangle 2   ^   ~\ 0e0e?Rectangle 3 0   *Jim Fraser was commissioned by Ministers to review the acquisition and retention regime in Scotland. He put forward a number of recommendations. We consulted on these in late 2008 and used the responses to develop legislative provisions for inclusion in the Criminal Justice and Licensing (Scotland) Bill. As expected, there were diverse views. On some issues, at opposite ends of the spectrum. Proposals to retain DNA from children dealt with in Children s Hearings were quite controversial. Some wanted no retention, others indefinite retention. The provisions in the Bill attempt to strike a balance between these views. [Read provisions from slide.] , w  H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.v`Н   0    (    Nh1 ?Rectangle 7_  h*B      x0e0e?Rectangle 2      ~< 0e0e?Rectangle 3 0   Ministers have established a Forensic Data Working Group. It is taking forward the issues first raised in the review. [Read remit] Group is making good progress to date. Sub-group established to develop list of offences to be used to trigger retention for Children s Hearings provisions. DNA will be retained from children who have committed serious sexual and violent offences. The offences will be drawn from an existing list of offences and set out in secondary legislation which will be scrutinised by the Scottish Parliament. Agreed to establish sub-group to develop evidence base. This will be a complex piece of work. Early discussion of governance and agreement to establish a website to provide information to the public. Still a lot of work to do and don t expect the Group s work to be complete before the end of 2010. ,A v  A H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.vM  0 f^(    Nk ?Rectangle 7_  h*B      x0e0e?Rectangle 2      ~t 0e0e?Rectangle 3 0   JWhere will this take us? 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